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A look at All Paths Down in vSphere

Inconsistencies between the IDP hostname and the vRA hostname producing behavior and authentication issues in vRealize Automation 7.x

Questions:

Have you been getting certificate trust issues when logging into vRealize Automation 7.x only to find that the certificate is trusted once you are logged in?
Have you ever noticed that your login page for vRA 7.x uses a different host name in the URL than the application?
Have you been having difficulty logging into the embedded vRealize Orchestrator instance?
Have you been trying to use vRealize CodeStream only to find unusual authentication issues?

It could be that you have a simple misconfiguration in your deployment that can be easily corrected. That is the subject of this blog post.

For many deployments, a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) will be selected to access your vRealize Automation (vRA) 7.x application that is different than the actual host name of the box. This alias could be created for a simple installation to make it easier for users to recall the URL or it could be used to access the VIP provided by a load balancer in a more distributed installation.

Depending upon the steps taken during the deployment (e.g., changing the vRA FQDN after the installation), the hostname in the IDP can be different than hostname configured for use with vRA. For example, the following image illustrates the hostname configured for accessing the vRA application in a hands-on lab:

However, after appropriate tinkering, when users attempt to log in, they see the following:

In order to correct this, take appropriate backups then log in as a user with permission to administer the directory configuration (i.e., a tenant administrator). Select the Administration tab and navigate to Directories Management > Identity Providers. Select an IDP and you will be presented with an interface similar to the following:

Take note of the hostname and adjust this to be consistent with the vRA application FQDN found in the administration interface (VAMI) above. It is particularly important to rectify this if you happen to have the short name in the IDP, which can cause a number of problems. The changes take place immediately without restarting any services, though there may be additional steps needed to correct a particular issue. For example, I have had to re-register the vRO authentication after correcting this due to the state it was in after troubleshooting.

For additional reading, please review the following KB article: VMware KB Logging in to embedded vRealize Orchestrator fails (2146063)

Path failover may not be successful when using Cisco MDS Switches on NX-OS 7.3 and FCoE based HBAs

So I wanted to get this blog post out sooner rather than later as it might effect a significant number of customers. In a nutshell, if you perform array maintenance that requires you to reboot a storage controller, the probability of successful path failover is low. This is effectively due to stale entries in the fiber channel name server on Cisco MDS switches running NX-OS 7.3, which is a rather new code release. As the title suggests, this only affects FCoE HBAs, specifically ones that rely on our libfc/libfcoe stack for FCoE connectivity. Such HBAs would be Cisco fnic HBAs as well as a handful of Emulex FCoE HBAs and a couple others.

Here is an example of a successful path failover after receiving an RSCN (Register State Change Notification) from the array controller after performing a reboot:

2016-07-07T17:36:34.230Z cpu17:33461)<6>host4: disc: Received an RSCN event
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.230Z cpu17:33461)<6>host4: disc: Port address format for port (e50800)
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.230Z cpu17:33461)<6>host4: disc: RSCN received: not rediscovering. redisc 0 state 9 in_prog 0
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu14:33474)<6>host4: disc: GPN_ID rejected reason 9 exp 1
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu14:33474)<6>host4: rport e50800: Remove port
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu14:33474)<6>host4: rport e50800: Port entered LOGO state from Ready state
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu14:33474)<6>host4: rport e50800: Delete port
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu54:33448)<6>host4: rport e50800: work event 3
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu54:33448)<7>fnic : 4 :: fnic_rport_exch_reset called portid 0xe50800
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu54:33448)<7>fnic : 4 :: fnic_rport_reset_exch: Issuing abts
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu54:33448)<6>host4: rport e50800: Received a LOGO response closed
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu54:33448)<6>host4: rport e50800: Received a LOGO response, but in state Delete
 2016-07-07T17:36:34.231Z cpu54:33448)<6>host4: rport e50800: work delete

Here is a breakdown of what you just read:

RSCN is received from the array controller
Operation is now is state = 9
GPN_ID (Get Port Name ID) is issued to the switches but is rejected because the state is 9 (See http://lists.open-fcoe.org/pipermail/fcoe-devel/2009-June/002828.html)
LibFC begins to remove the port information on the host
Port enters LOGO (Logout) state from previous state, which was Ready
LibFC Deletes the port information

After this the ESX host will failover to other available ports, which would be on the peer SP:

2016-07-07T17:36:44.233Z cpu33:33459)<3> rport-4:0-1: blocked FC remote port time out: saving binding
 2016-07-07T17:36:44.233Z cpu55:33473)<7>fnic : 4 :: fnic_terminate_rport_io called wwpn 0x524a937aeb740513, wwnn0xffffffffffffffff, rport 0x0x4309b72f3c50, portid 0xffffffff
 2016-07-07T17:36:44.257Z cpu52:33320)NMP: nmp_ThrottleLogForDevice:3298: Cmd 0x2a (0x43a659d15bc0, 36277) to dev "naa.624a93704d1296f5972642ea0001101c" on path "vmhba3:C0:T0:L1" Failed: H:0x1 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0. Act:FAILOVER

A Host status of H:0x1 means NO_CONNECT, hence the failover.

Now here is an example of the same operation on a Cisco MDS switch running NX-OS 7.3 when a storage controller on the array is rebooted:

2016-07-14T19:02:03.551Z cpu47:33448)<6>host2: disc: Received an RSCN event
 2016-07-14T19:02:03.551Z cpu47:33448)<6>host2: disc: Port address format for port (e50900)
 2016-07-14T19:02:03.551Z cpu47:33448)<6>host2: disc: RSCN received: not rediscovering. redisc 0 state 9 in_prog 0
 2016-07-14T19:02:03.557Z cpu47:33444)<6>host2: rport e50900: ADISC port
 2016-07-14T19:02:03.557Z cpu47:33444)<6>host2: rport e50900: sending ADISC from Ready state
 2016-07-14T19:02:23.558Z cpu47:33448)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a ADISC response
 2016-07-14T19:02:23.558Z cpu47:33448)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error 1 in state ADISC, retries 0
 2016-07-14T19:02:23.558Z cpu47:33448)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from ADISC state
 2016-07-14T19:02:43.560Z cpu2:33442)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a LOGO response timeout
 2016-07-14T19:02:43.560Z cpu2:33442)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error -1 in state LOGO, retrying
 2016-07-14T19:02:43.560Z cpu58:33446)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from LOGO state
 2016-07-14T19:03:03.563Z cpu54:33449)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a LOGO response timeout
 2016-07-14T19:03:03.563Z cpu54:33449)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error -1 in state LOGO, retrying
 2016-07-14T19:03:03.563Z cpu2:33442)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from LOGO state
 2016-07-14T19:03:23.565Z cpu32:33447)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a LOGO response timeout
 2016-07-14T19:03:23.565Z cpu32:33447)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error -1 in state LOGO, retrying
 2016-07-14T19:03:23.565Z cpu54:33449)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from LOGO state
 2016-07-14T19:03:43.567Z cpu50:33445)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a LOGO response timeout
 2016-07-14T19:03:43.567Z cpu50:33445)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error -1 in state LOGO, retrying
 2016-07-14T19:03:43.567Z cpu32:33447)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from LOGO state
 2016-07-14T19:04:03.568Z cpu54:33443)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a LOGO response timeout
 2016-07-14T19:04:03.568Z cpu54:33443)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error -1 in state LOGO, retrying
 2016-07-14T19:04:03.569Z cpu32:33472)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from LOGO state
 2016-07-14T19:04:43.573Z cpu20:33473)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a LOGO response timeout
 2016-07-14T19:04:43.573Z cpu20:33473)<6>host2: rport e50900: Error -1 in state LOGO, retrying
 2016-07-14T19:04:43.573Z cpu54:33443)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered LOGO state from LOGO state

Notice the difference? Here is a breakdown of what happened this time:

RSCN is received from the array controller
Operation is now is state = 9
GPN_ID (Get Port Name ID) is issued to the switches but is NOT rejected
Since GPN_ID is valid, LibFC issues an Address Discovery (ADISC)
20 seconds later the ADISC sent times out and this continues to occur every 20 seconds

The problem is that the ADISC will continue this behavior until the array controller completes the reboot and is back online:

2016-07-14T19:04:47.276Z cpu56:33451)<6>host2: disc: Received an RSCN event
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.276Z cpu56:33451)<6>host2: disc: Port address format for port (e50900)
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.276Z cpu56:33451)<6>host2: disc: RSCN received: not rediscovering. redisc 0 state 9 in_prog 0
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.277Z cpu20:33454)<6>host2: rport e50900: Login to port
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.277Z cpu20:33454)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered PLOGI state from LOGO state
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu57:33456)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a PLOGI accept
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu57:33456)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered PRLI state from PLOGI state
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu52:33458)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a PRLI accept
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu52:33458)<6>host2: rport e50900: PRLI spp_flags = 0x21
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu52:33458)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port entered RTV state from PRLI state
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu57:33452)<6>host2: rport e50900: Received a RTV reject
 2016-07-14T19:04:47.278Z cpu57:33452)<6>host2: rport e50900: Port is Ready

What is actually happening here is that the Cisco MDS switches are quick to receive the RSCN from the array controller and pass it along to the host HBAs however due to a timing issue the entries for that array controller in the FCNS (Fiber Channel Name Server) database are still present when the host HBAs issue the GPN_ID so the switches respond to that request instead of rejecting it. If you review the entry in http://lists.open-fcoe.org/pipermail/fcoe-devel/2009-June/002828.html you see that code was added to validate that the target is actually off the fabric instead of assuming it would be by the RSCN alone. There are various reasons to do this but suffice it to say that it is better to be safe than sorry in this instance.

Unfortunately there is no fix for this at this time, which is why this is potentially so impactful to our customers since it means they effectively are unable to perform array maintenance without the risk of VMs crashing or even corruption. Cisco is fixing this in 7.3(1), which due out in a few weeks.

Here are a couple of references regarding this issue:

Cheers,
Nathan Small
Technical Director
Global Support Services
VMware

Host disconnected from vCenter and VMs showing as inaccessible

Another deep-dive troubleshooting blog today from Nathan Small (twitter account: @vSphereStorage)

Description from customer:

Host is getting disconnected from vCenter and VMs are showing as inaccessible. Only one host is affected.

Analysis:

A quick review of the vmkernel log shows a log spew of H:0x7 errors to numerous LUNs. Here is a short snippet where you can see how frequently they are occurring (multiple times per second):

# cat /var/log/vmkernel.log

2016-01-13T18:54:42.994Z cpu68:8260)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540b96e80) 0x28, CmdSN 0x8000006b from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b703400a4f90c3d0668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:43.027Z cpu68:8260)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x4125401b2580) 0x28, CmdSN 0x8000002e from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b70340064a24ada10fae211” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:43.030Z cpu68:8260)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x4125406d5380) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000016 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b7034000c70e4e610fae211” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:43.542Z cpu67:8259)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540748800) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000045 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b70340064a24ada10fae211” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:43.808Z cpu74:8266)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412541229040) 0x28, CmdSN 0x8000003c from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b7034008e56670a11fae211” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:44.088Z cpu38:8230)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x4124c0ff4f80) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000030 from world 11701 to dev “naa.600601601b703400220f77ab15fae211” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:44.180Z cpu74:8266)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540ccda80) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000047 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b70340042b582440668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:44.741Z cpu61:8253)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540b94480) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000051 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b70340060918f5b0668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:44.897Z cpu63:8255)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540ff3180) 0x28, CmdSN 0x8000007a from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b7034005c918f5b0668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:45.355Z cpu78:8270)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540f3b2c0) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000039 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b70340060918f5b0668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:45.522Z cpu70:8262)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x41254073d0c0) 0x28, CmdSN 0x8000002c from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b7034000e3e97350668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:45.584Z cpu71:8263)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412541021780) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000067 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b7034000e3e97350668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:45.803Z cpu63:8255)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540d20480) 0x28, CmdSN 0x80000019 from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b703400d24fc7620668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

2016-01-13T18:54:46.253Z cpu74:8266)ScsiDeviceIO: 2326: Cmd(0x412540b96380) 0x28, CmdSN 0x8000006f from world 11725 to dev “naa.600601601b7034005e918f5b0668e311” failed H:0x7 D:0x0 P:0x0 Possible sense data: 0x0 0x0 0x0.

The Host side error (H:0x7) literally translates to Storage Initiator Error, which makes it sounds like there is something physical wrong with the card. One needs to understand that this status is sent up the stack from the HBA driver so really it is up to the those that write the driver to use this status for certain conditions. As there are no accompanying errors from the HBA driver, which in this case is a Brocade HBA, this is all we have to work with without enabling verbose logging in the driver. Verbose logging requires a reboot so this is not always an option when investigating root cause. The exception would be that the issue in ongoing so rebooting a host to capture this data is a viable option.

Taking a LUN as an example from ‘esxcfg-mpath -b’ output to get a view of the paths and targets:

# esxcfg-mpath -b

naa.600601601b703400b6aa124c0668e311 : DGC Fibre Channel Disk (naa.600601601b703400b6aa124c0668e311)

vmhba0:C0:T3:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9a WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9a Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:63:47:20:7a:a8

vmhba1:C0:T3:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9c WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9c Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:60:47:24:7a:a8

vmhba0:C0:T1:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9a WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9a Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:6b:47:20:7a:a8

vmhba1:C0:T2:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9c WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:9c Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:68:47:24:7a:a8

vmhba2:C0:T3:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:32 WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:32 Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:63:47:20:7a:a8

vmhba3:C0:T3:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:34 WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:34 Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:60:47:24:7a:a8

vmhba2:C0:T1:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:32 WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:32 Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:6b:47:20:7a:a8

vmhba3:C0:T2:L20 LUN:20 state:active fc Adapter: WWNN: 20:00:74:86:7a:ae:1c:34 WWPN: 20:01:74:86:7a:ae:1c:34 Target: WWNN: 50:06:01:60:c7:20:7a:a8 WWPN: 50:06:01:68:47:24:7a:a8

Let’s look at the adapter statistics for all HBAs. I would recommend always using localcli over esxcli when troubleshoot as esxcli requires hostd to be functioning properly:

# localcli storage core adapter stats get

vmhba0:

Successful Commands: 844542177

Blocks Read: 243114868277

Blocks Written: 25821448417

Read Operations: 395494703

Write Operations: 405753901

Reserve Operations: 0

Reservation Conflicts: 0

Failed Commands: 35403

Failed Blocks Read: 57744

Failed Blocks Written: 16843

Failed Read Operations: 8224

Failed Write Operations: 16450

Failed Reserve Operations: 0

Total Splits: 0

PAE Commands: 0

vmhba1:

Successful Commands: 502595840 <– Far less successful commands than the other adapters

Blocks Read: 116436597821

Blocks Written: 16509939615

Read Operations: 216572537

Write Operations: 245276523

Reserve Operations: 0

Reservation Conflicts: 0

Failed Commands: 10942696

Failed Blocks Read: 12055379188 <– 12 billion failed blocks read! Other adapters are all less than 60,000

Failed Blocks Written: 933809

Failed Read Operations: 10895926

Failed Write Operations: 25645

Failed Reserve Operations: 0

Total Splits: 0

PAE Commands: 0

vmhba2:

Successful Commands: 845976973

Blocks Read: 244034940187

Blocks Written: 26063852941

Read Operations: 397564994

Write Operations: 407538414

Reserve Operations: 0

Reservation Conflicts: 0

Failed Commands: 40468

Failed Blocks Read: 44157

Failed Blocks Written: 18676

Failed Read Operations: 5506

Failed Write Operations: 12152

Failed Reserve Operations: 0

Total Splits: 0

PAE Commands: 0

vmhba3:

Successful Commands: 866718515

Blocks Read: 249837164491

Blocks Written: 26492209531

Read Operations: 406367844

Write Operations: 416901703

Reserve Operations: 0

Reservation Conflicts: 0

Failed Commands: 37723

Failed Blocks Read: 23191

Failed Blocks Written: 139380

Failed Read Operations: 7372

Failed Write Operations: 14878

Failed Reserve Operations: 0

Total Splits: 0

PAE Commands: 0

Let’s see how often the vmkernel.log reports messages for that HBA:

# cat vmkernel.log |grep vmhba0|wc -l

112

# cat vmkernel.log |grep vmhba1|wc -l

8474 <– over 8000 times this HBA is mentioned! This doesn’t mean they are all errors, of course, but based on the log spew we know is already occurring it means it likely is

# cat vmkernel.log |grep vmhba2|wc -l

222

# cat vmkernel.log |grep vmhba3|wc -l

335

Now let’s take a look at the zoning to see if multiple adapters are zoned to the exact same array targets (WWPN) in attempt to determine if the issue is possibly array side or HBA side: